St. Patrick

Kidnapped, enslaved, then came back

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St. Patrick

St. Patrick

At about 16, Patrick was kidnapped by raiders and enslaved in Ireland. He escaped, went home, and then chose to go back to the people who had enslaved him, to bring them the Gospel.

Feast day

March 17
Apostle of Ireland

Patron of

Ireland
Engineers (popular devotion)

Their story

Patrick tells his own story in two short Latin writings, the Confession and the Letter to the Soldiers of Coroticus. He was born in Roman Britain, probably in the 5th century, the son of a deacon named Calpornius. At sixteen he was seized by Irish raiders and taken to Ireland as a slave. For six years he herded animals, and he says he prayed up to a hundred times a day.

A voice in a dream told him a ship was ready. He escaped, walked some 200 miles to the coast, and found passage home. Later he dreamed of a man named Victoricus bringing letters from Ireland, with the voices of the Irish crying, “We beg you, holy youth, come and walk among us again.” He was ordained and returned as a bishop. He baptized thousands, ordained clergy, and faced danger and arrest, and complained of being looked down on for his poor Latin.

The stories of shamrocks, banished snakes and contests with druids come from later lives and are legend. His own words are humble: he calls himself “Patrick, a sinner, very unlearned.” He died on March 17, the traditional date, probably in the later 5th century. People follow him because he went back, freely and for love, to the very people who had enslaved him.

Struggles & surrender

What they wrestled with, and how they gave it to God

  • Slavery ·
    In his Confession he writes that at sixteen he was taken to Ireland as a slave, and that he 'did not know the true God'. Herding animals alone, he began to pray, up to a hundred times a day and as many at night, through snow and rain. After six years a dream told him a ship was ready, and he escaped.
  • Betrayal and unworthiness ·
    He writes that a close friend revealed a sin from his youth to block him from being made a bishop, which hurt him deeply. He described himself as 'like a stone lying in deep mud' until God lifted him, and thanked God for choosing someone so unlearned.

Why they’re the patron of…

  • Ireland ·
    He is remembered as the apostle who brought Christianity to much of Ireland; his own Confession describes his mission there.
  • Engineers · Origin uncertain
    Some associate him with engineers through a tradition that he taught the Irish to build with clay rather than dry stone. This is a loose and uncertain tradition.

Devotions & practices

  • St. Patrick's Breastplate (Lorica)
    “Christ with me, Christ before me, Christ behind me…” An Old Irish prayer credited to him by tradition; scholars date it to the 7th–8th century, so his authorship is unlikely.
  • The shamrock
    The story of explaining the Trinity with a shamrock first appears in the early 18th century. It is a legend, though a fitting one.

The short version

Patrick was a 5th-century Romano-British Christian missionary and bishop in Ireland. In his Confessio he writes that he was captured by Irish raiders as a teenager, worked as a herdsman for six years, escaped, and later returned as a missionary. He is the primary patron of Ireland.

Three things you might not know

We know him through his own writings: the Confessio and a letter to Coroticus.

The story of him explaining the Trinity with a shamrock is a later legend.

He returned to the land where he had been a slave.

The novena

Nine days · one intention

A novena is nine days of prayer for one intention, modeled on the nine days the apostles and Mary prayed between the Ascension and Pentecost (Acts 1–2). Pray this each day:

Christ be with me, Christ within me, Christ behind me, Christ before me, Christ beside me, Christ to win me, Christ to comfort and restore me. Christ beneath me, Christ above me, Christ in quiet, Christ in danger, Christ in hearts of all that love me, Christ in mouth of friend and stranger.
Nine days · Free

Pray the novena
with us.

One short email a day for nine days. The day's prayer, a line from St. Patrick's story, and a nudge to keep going.

Your Confirmation saint?

Choose St. Patrick if…

  • you have Irish roots
  • you have forgiven people who hurt you
  • you want to share your faith

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Wear their medal

[Affiliate placeholder: Catholic Company St. Patrick medal]

“I, Patrick, a sinner, very rustic and the least of all the faithful…”

St. Patrick, Confessio
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Sources & notes

Story sources

Sources

Credits

Image: Nheyob, Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 4.0)

From St. Patrick's Breastplate (traditionally attributed to Patrick), translated by Cecil Frances Alexander (1889), public domain.

Notes

Story retold in our own words from the cited sources.